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Barcode Glossary

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ABC symbol
American Blood Commission symbol, developed in 1977 by the Committee for the Commonality in Blood Banking Automation (CCBBA) as a bar code standard for automated systems in the blood service community. The symbology used in the ABC symbol is Codabar.

Access Point
In computer networking, a wireless access point (WAP) is a device that allows wireless communication devices to connect to a wireless network using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or related standards.

Accuracy
The determination of whether any element width or inter-character gap width (if applicable) differs from its nominal width by more than the printing tolerance.

Accumulate
An operating parameter setting that allows the reader to store scanned labels in a buffer until a transmit command is entered.

Accumulate mode
Operating mode in which the terminal or reader stores scanned information in the buffer until it receives a transmit command.

Accuracy
The determination of whether an element width or intercharacter gap width (if applicable) differs from its nominal width by more than the printing tolerance.

ACK
Acknowledge character. A handshake character that indicates that a message was received.

ADC
Automated Data Collection or Automated Data Capture – refers to all technologies that automate the process of data collection without the use of a keyboard, including bar code, magnetic stripe, (OCR) optical card reader, voice recognition, smart card, or (RFID) radio frequency identification. ADC provides a quick, accurate, and cost-effective way to collect and enter data.

Adhesive
(1) A substance (cement, glue, gum) capable of holding materials together by surface contact.
(2) The portion of a pressure sensitive label which allows the label to cling to its intended surface.

AID
Attention identifier. A character in a data stream indicating that the user has pressed a key, such as Enter, requesting an action by the system.

AIAG
Automotive Industry Action Group – a trade association responsible for creating automotive industry standards pertaining to bar code symbology and common label formats.

AIM
Automatic Identification Manufacturers, Inc. – a U.S. trade association headquartered in Pittsburgh, PA who represent the manufacturers of automatic identification systems.

Alignment
In an automatic identification system (Auto ID), the relative position and orientation of a scanner to the symbol.

Alphanumeric
A character set consisting of letters, numbers, and usually other characters such as special symbols.

ANSI
American National Standards Institute. A non-governmental organization responsible for developing voluntary manufacturing standards.

Aperture
The opening in an optical system that establishes the field of view.

API
Application programming interface. A well-defined interface to routines that an application can use to request and perform system-level tasks.

Application
One or more programs that perform functions required by an end user. Compare with utility.

Application Temperature
The temperature at the time the label is applied.

ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange. A standard seven bit code almost always transmitted with a parity bit for a total of eight bits per character. The ASCII set consists of both control and printing characters. ASCII was established by the American National Standards Institute to achieve compatibility between various types of data communication equipment. Equivalent to the International ISO 7-bit code. ASCII is the most commonly used code for non-IBM equipment. See also EBCDIC.

ASCII control character
One of the first 32 characters (0 through 31 in decimal representation) in the ASCII character set. Each of these characters has a standard control function, such as backspace or carriage return.

Aspect ratio
In a bar code symbol, the ratio of bar height to symbol length.

Asynchronous
In a data communication system, an arrangement without an associated clock that ensures that every character is transmitted independently.

Audio signals
The terminal or reader has a beeper and a clicker that produce audio signals to indicate terminal status. You can change the beep volume and enable or disable the keypad clicker with configuration commands.

Autodiscrimination
A feature that enables a bar code reader to interpret a scanned bar code label, identifying both the symbology and the data encoded in the label.

Automatic shutoff
A terminal or reader configuration feature that defines the maximum time the terminal stays on when there is no activity. At automatic shutoff, the contents of memory are saved and the terminal or reader resumes when it is turned on again.

Average background reflectance
Expressed as a percentage; the average of the background reflectance from at least five different points on a sheet.

Background
1. A program running in the background cannot be directly controlled by the operator. If it is brought into the foreground, it can be directly controlled by the operator. You can run several background programs at one time, but you can only run one foreground program at a time.
2. The spaces, quiet zones, and area surrounding a printed bar code symbol.

Backing
Silicon release liner on media to which labels are attached until ready for use.

Backlight
A light built into the terminal or reader display that makes it easier to view the display in dimly lit environments.

Bandwidth
The size in Hertz of the frequency range that a signal transmission occupies. Typical narrow band signals occupy a 25 KHz bandwidth. The 2.4 GHz radio frequency signal occupies a 1 MHz bandwidth.

Bar
The darker element of a printed bar code symbol.

Bar Code
A bar code is a piece of Automatic Identification Technology (Auto ID) that stores real time data. It is a series of vertical bars or a graphical bar pattern which can, (depending on the width and pattern) encode numbers and letters in a format which can easily be retrieved and interpreted by a bar code reader.

Bar Code Character
A single group of bars and stripes that represents a specific quantity (often one) of numbers, letters, punctuation marks, or other symbols. This is the smallest subset of a bar code symbol that contains data.

Bar Code Density
The number of characters that can be represented in a linear unit of measure. This number is often expressed in characters per inch or cpi.

Bar Code Label
A label that contains a bar code symbol and that can be affixed to an object.

Bar Code Symbol
A printed or photographically reproduced bar code that contains a quiet zone, a start character, one or more data characters, a stop character, and a trailing quiet zone. The data characters may include a check character.

Bar Height/Length
The bar dimension perpendicular to the bar width. Also called bar height. Scanning is performed in an axis perpendicular to the bar length.

Bar Width
The thickness of a bar measured from the edge closest to the symbol start character and to the trailing edge of the same bar.

Bar Width Reduction
The practice of making the nominal bar width dimension on file masters or printing plates more narrow to compensate for systematic errors in some printing processes. Bar width reduction can have positive or negative values.

Baud rate
The number of discreet conditions or signal events per second. In RS-232 and RS-422/485 systems, baud rate is the same as bits per second (bps).

Beam Break
A type of read window that detects the presence of a package.

Binary
A system that encodes data as zeros and ones.

Binary File
A file that contains a sequence of 8-bit data characters or executable code. Binary files require special software for transmission.

BIOS
Basic input-output system. The part of a computer operating system that handles communications between a program and external devices, such as a printer and electronic displays.

Bit
An abbreviation for binary digit. A binary digit is a single element (0 or 1) in a binary number. Eight bits equal one byte.

Bit Rate
The speed at which bits are transmitted, usually expressed in bits per second. See bps.

Bi-Directional
Bar code symbology capable of being read successfully independent of scanning direction.

Bitmapped Font
Refers to the inherent character and font sets found within a thermal printer and their respective ability to be adjusted and “shrunk to fit”. Bitmapped fonts are commonly available in limited point sizes, for example 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 18 point, whose edges can become distorted or rough with manipulation outside the prescribed point size ranges.

Bolt-On
A software application that performs specific tasks and interfaces with an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. Examples of bolt-ons that interface between data collection systems solutions and ERP systems include Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) and Warehouse Management Systems (WMS).

Boot (verb)
1. Usually means to invoke a bootstrap process, which involves building up a system from some simple preliminary instructions or information.
2. A boot invokes the BIOS boot sequence, clears all memory, and performs a complete power-on self test (POST) to ensure that the hardware and peripherals are operational. A boot initializes the system hardware for use by the system firmware and loads the default configuration currently stored in flash memory.

Bps
Bits per second. The unit of measure used to describe the rate of data transmission. For example, 1200 bits per second means that there are 1200 data bits transmitted per second. See bit rate.

Buffer
An area of storage used to hold data being transferred from one device to another.

Byte
A combination of eight bits in a predetermined pattern, designed to represent a digit or an alphanumeric character.

Cabled Scanner
A wand, laser scanner, or other device that scans bar code information. A cabled scanner is connected to a bar code reader or terminal with a cable rather than being built into (integrated in) the reader or terminal. Also referred to as tethered scanner.

CCD Scanner
Charge-coupled device scanner. A CCD scanner contains no moving parts and uses a light source to illuminate the entire symbol. A symbol is scanned electronically using the digitized image of a line through the symbol provided by the linear photodiode array.

Character
(1) A single group of bars and spaces that represents a specific number (usually one) of numbers, letters, punctuation marks, or other symbols.
(2) A graphic shape representing a letter, numeral, or symbol.
(3) A letter, digit, or other symbol that is used as part of the organization, control, or representation of data.

Character Alignment
The vertical or horizontal position of characters with respect to a given set of reference lines.

Character Density
Within a linear bar code symbol, the number of data characters per unit length (typically per inch). For a discrete symbology, the character width must include the intercharacter gap.

Character Font
Refers to the range and variety of data characters available within a given thermal printer model, for example 7 Bitmapped fonts type A,B,C,D,E,F and 1 Scaleable font.

Character Set
(1)A range of data characters (alpha, numeric, and/or punctuation) that can be encoded into any given symbology.
(2) Refers to the international characters and graphic symbols available within a given thermal printer model, for example IBM® Code Page 850.

Check Character
A character included in a message for the purpose of performing a mathematical check to ensure the accuracy of the message.

Check Digit
A character included in a bar code for the purpose of performing a mathematical check on the value of the decoded bar code to ensure its accuracy.

Checksum
A calculated value that is used to test data integrity. Errors can occur when data is transmitted or when it is written to disk. One means of detecting such errors is the use of a checksum. A value is calculated for a given chunk of data by sequentially combining all the bytes of data with a series of arithmetic or logical operations. After the data is transmitted or stored, a new checksum is calculated and compared with the original one. If the checksums match, the transmission or storage was probably error free. If they do not match, an error occurred.

Clear area
See quiet zone.

Client
The computer from which you will access drives, directories, files, and programs that are stored on the server. See also server.

Cloning
A procedure that copies the RAM contents (configuration, formats, fonts, pages, and graphics) from the memory of one printer to the memory of another.

CMOS
Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. A type of integrated circuit noted for its extremely low power consumption.

Codabar
A barcode symbology that uses four bars and three spaces to represent the numbers 0 through 9 and a set of special characters.

Code 16K
A two-dimensional (stacked rows) ultra-high density bar code that has loose printing tolerances. Code 16K is based on Code 128 (128 squared is 16,384 or 16K). It requires a check digit. Code 16K is widely used in labeling unit-dose packaging for the health care industry; it is suitable for labeling small objects because it can encode more data in less area than many other codes. The character set includes all 128 ASCII characters.

Code 128
Code 128 is an alphanumeric bar code specifically designed to reduce the amount of space the bar code occupies. Each printed character can have one of three different meanings, depending on which of three different character sets are employed. Code 128 can be recognized as the labeling standard for UCC/EAN 128, used as product identification for container and pallet levels of retail markets.

Code 39
Code 39 is the most commonly used bar code. It can encode both numbers and letters, which is ideal for most industrial and non-retail applications. The Automotive industry uses Code 39 as its standard for shipping container labels. If you are just beginning a bar code application of your own, we recommend using Code 39.

Code 93
Code 93 is the complementary version of Code 39 and allows labels to be approximately 30 percent shorter than Code 39.

Concatenation
The ability of a reading system to join together that data from multiple symbologies and interpret the information in a single message.

Code 2 of 5 (2 of 5)
A discrete, self-checking code for encoding numeric data only. The bars encode information and the spaces separate individual bars. It can achieve densities of 15 characters per inch.

Cold Boot
One of two ways to boot a mobile terminal; compare to warm boot. A cold boot invokes the BIOS boot sequence, which verifies that the 256K flash system image is not corrupt, clears all memory, and performs a complete power-on self test (POST) to ensure that the hardware and peripherals are operational. The cold boot initializes the system hardware for use by system software and loads the default configuration. You may cold boot the reader to clear the reader's conventional memory, break out of an application that is locked in an infinite loop, or recover from an error condition.

COM Port
Commonly used short form of communications port. COM ports offer serial communications, which means that data is transmitted one bit at a time over a single line from one computer to another.

Communications Manager
An application on the reader that lets you transmit and receive files, and see the status of the reader's COM port.

Communications Protocol
A set of rules or standards designed to enable computers to connect with each other and exchange data. An example of a communications protocol is Point-to-Point protocol.

Communications Utilities
Transmit and receive functions that you can call with PSK functions or software interrupts.

Concatenated Code
A subset of Codabar symbology. Two bar code labels are read as one where the stop code of the first label matches the start code of the second label.

Concatenation
The operation of joining two or more character strings together, end to end.

Configuration
The selected parameters that determine the operating characteristics of an electronic device.

Configuration Command
A configuration command changes the way the portable terminal or scanner operates. You can enter a configuration command by typing on the keypad, by scanning a bar code label, or by sending a command from a device on the network.

Configuration File
A configuration file is an ASCII text file that contains settings for some or all of the reader's configuration parameters.

Contact Scanner
A scanner that requires physical contact between the code medium and the scanner.

Continuous Bar Code
The end of each character in the bar code message marks the beginning of the next character; there are no intercharacter gaps to separate the characters in the bar code message, for example Interleaved 2 of 5 code. A continuous code is the opposite of a discrete code.

Continuous Media
Label, ticket, or tag stock media that does not contain any notches, gaps, or holes between each label. The label length must be specified in the label program.

Contrast
The difference in reflectance between the black and white (or bar and space) areas of a bar code symbol; measured by print contrast signal (PCS).

Control Panel
A panel on the printer containing the operating and menu keys, liquid crystal display, and indicator lights.

Controller
An electronic device that interfaces between the data collection devices and the host.

CRC
Cyclic redundancy check. The CRC is a data block check used to enhance data integrity. A CRC calculation is performed on the contents of each received RF message. If the result of this calculation compares with the received CRC, then the message was received without error.

CTS/RTS
Clear to send/ready to send. A type of hardware flow control. The reader or terminal signals the serial port device when ready to receive data (CTS). The reader or device checks with the serial port device when ready to send data (RTS).

Cursor Keypad
A set of keys on the reader that allows you to move the cursor around the screen.

Cutter
An optional device for the printer that cuts individual labels and drops them into a tray.

Data Bits
The number of bits used for data. Generally set at seven or eight. Used in communication protocol. Set according to the host configuration.

Data Block
A sequence of continuous data character or bytes transmitted as a unit.

Data Collection Device
A device in the data collection system that collects data from bar codes and sends it to the host.

Data Entry mode
The default operating mode for a bar code reader. The reader waits to receive data or commands from a label, keypad, or host.

Data File
The collection of data and printer commands that, when sent to the printer, is merged with a format file to print a label.

Data Line Print
A mode of operation in which the printer prints each command (accompanied by its ASCII code) that it receives from the host.

Data Transmission
An event in which a block of data is transmitted from one device to another.

Data Communications Equipment (DCE)
Devices designed to manipulate transmitted data, for example a modem.

Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)
A digital device such as a display terminal, data entry terminal, or printer which may be used to view or enter data. This device has a different communication connector pinout than DCE (see DCE).

Decoder
In a bar code reading system, the electronic package that receives signals from the scanner, performs the algorithm to interpret the signals into meaningful data, and provides the interface to other devices.

Default Configuration
The values set for each configuration parameter when the device is shipped.

Default Parameters
A set of configuration parameters that are active when the device is shipped.

Default Router
The IP address of a router that is used when a device sends a packet to another subnet or when a device sends a packet to an unknown destination.

Density
The amount of information encoded in a given area. See also bar code density.

Depth of Field
The distance between the maximum and minimum plane in which a code reader is capable of reading symbols of a specified “X” dimension.

Destination
Either the logical name of a device or the name of an application program's channel. Anyplace where a transaction can be sent.

Device
Generic term for any piece of equipment, such as a mobile terminal, a scanner, a printer, or a controller.

Device Address
A type of address that is used by the host to identify a particular data collection device. This address can also refer to the device's physical address.

Device Driver
A software component that controls an external device. For example, a PC card device driver controls how the reader accesses the PC card.

Diffuse Reflection
The component of light that reflects in all directions from the reflecting surface.

Digital
Pertaining to data in the form of digits. In signals, digital refers to a signal that assumes one of a predetermined set of values, such as 0 to 1, as opposed to a signal that may assume any value over a continuing range of values, such as an analog signal.

Direct Thermal (DT)
A method of thermal printing in which images are printed when heat from the thermal printhead produces a black mark on the media. The thermal printhead is typically a long linear array of tiny resistive heating elements (100-600 dots per inch) arranged perpendicular to the paper flow. Each thermal printhead element locally heats an area on the chemically coated paper directly under the print element. This induces a chemical reaction which causes a dot to form in that area. The image is formed by building it from dot rows as the media passes underneath the active edge of the printhead. Direct thermal printing is an excellent choice for many bar code labeling applications.

Discrete Bar Code
A bar code symbol in which the intercharacter gap is not part of the code, and is allowed to vary dimensionally within wide tolerance limits. Each character of the bar code message stands alone, separated by intercharacter gaps, and can be read independently from the others. It is the opposite of continuous code.

DLE
ASCII Data Link Exception character. It causes the character that follows it to be received as data, even if it is a protocol character. It allows for the use of control characters in preambles, data strings, and configuration command strings.

DLL Dynamic link library. A subroutine package that is bound to an application at load time or during execution, rather than at link time when the program is created.

Domain
The area within a LAN that defines a region administered by a controller or server. The domain is also called a subnetwork.

Dot Matrix Printing
A print technology that employs several needles which are evenly spaced across a moveable horizontal shuttle which oscillates back and forth as the paper advances. Dot matrix printers print a bar code by creating overlapping adjacent dots to produce approximations of a straight edge line. Prints low to medium density bar codes that may not meet certain end-user guidelines. The dot size on the matrix printer limits the narrow element size and density of the bar code.

DPI
Dots per inch (refer to Resolution)

DRAM
Dynamic Random Access Memory – is one type of chip used in Random Access Memory. It stores information as an electrical charge. Because this charge dissipates over time, the computing device must periodically run a “refresh cycle” on the chips to recharge them—hence “dynamic”. As it is a type of RAM, it will lose its information when the device into which it is installed is turned off.

Drive
An electromechanical device that reads from and writes to disks.

Driver
1. A software module that controls an input/output port or external device.
2. Software or firmware that translates operating system requests (such as input/output requests) into a format that is recognizable by specific hardware, such as adapters.

DTE
See Data Terminal Equipment

EAN
The European Article Number is the European version of the UPC (Universal Product Code) bar code of retail food packaging that enables this linear bar code to be used internationally. Like the U.S. equivalent UPC code, there are two different types of EAN codes, EAN-8 and EAN-13.

EAN-13
EAN-13 has 13 characters or symbols. It is very much like the UPC code and has the 13th character as a means of identifying in what country the product will be used.

EAN-8
EAN-8 has a left-hand guard pattern, four odd parity digits, a center guard pattern, four even parity digits, and a right hand guard pattern with a total of eight symbols.

EBCDIC
Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code was developed by IBM, and is used extensively in systems featuring IBM processors. Each character is represented by a six bit structure with the capability of generating 64 combinations.

Edge Triggering
A scanner trigger configuration that makes the laser turn on after you pull the trigger and stay on until you pull it a second time. Simply releasing the trigger does not turn the laser off. If the laser is left on, the scanner timeout turns the laser off. Contrast with level triggering.

Edge Roughness
Irregularities in the printing of bar code elements, resulting in a non-uniform edge and edge errors.

EDI
Electronic Data Interchange - a method by which data is electronically transmitted from one point to another.

EDP
Electronic Data Processing - the act of processing information electronically.

EEPROM
Electrically erasable programmable read only memory.

EIA
Electronic Industries Association – a trade association.

Electrostatic
A method of printing that utilizes a special electrostatic paper or charged drum, both of which attract toner to the charged area.

Element
A single bar or space in a bar code symbol.

Emulation
An operating mode in which the printer has the operating characteristics of another printer.

Encoded Area
The total lineal dimension occupied by all characters of a code pattern, including the start/stop characters and data.

EPROM
The abbreviation for erasable programmable Read Only Memory – (See ROM).

EOF
End of file character. Attached to the last record transmitted in a block of records and after the EOR, if the EOF character field is enabled.

EOM
End of message character. Sent at the end of reader messages and at the end of host messages. The transmitted and received EOM characters can be defined separately.

EOP
End of program block/continue character. Sent by the host after a block of IRL program statements to tell the reader that another block of IRL statements is coming.

EOR
End of record character. Attached to the end of every record transmitted by the polled device if the EOR character field is enabled.

ERP
Enterprise Resource Planning – a term used to describe a new wave of integration system software capabilities designed to link a company’s respective operations—including human resources, financials, manufacturing, and distribution—with their customers and suppliers.

Error Message
A message from a device or program advising the user of an error that requires intervention to solve. For example, if you receive the error message "Unable to establish connection to host. Session ended." when you turn on the terminal, you may need to configure the terminal.

ESD
Electrostatic discharge. Transient, rapid transfer of charge between bodies at different electrostatic potentials, either: caused by direct contact, by arc-over of near proximity, or induced by an electrostatic field.

ESD Mat
A flexible work surface composed of vinyl or rubber with an added component to allow static to drain from its surface to the ground through a connected grounding cord.

Ethernet
A type of LAN that allows the transmission of computer data, audio data, and video data. Ethernet uses the access method known as CSMA/CD (carrier sense multiple access with collision detection). Refer to the IEEE 802.3 standard for the specifications.

ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute. European agency responsible for setting and enforcing regulations associated with telecommunications.

Execute
To perform an instruction or a computer program.

Face Material
See Facestock.

Facestock
The part of the substrate (label media) where printing occurs.

FACT
Federation of Automated Coding Technology – a bureau of AIM consisting of organizations that use and promote automatic identification among their members.

FCC
Federal Communications Commission. U.S. federal government agency responsible for setting and enforcing regulations associated with telecommunications.

Feed
A printer control panel button that advances the media.

Feed/Pause
A printer control panel button that advances the media and causes the printer to pause printing.

Field
A graphic element that is the basic unit of a format. The four basic types of fields are bar code, graphic, line, and text.

Field-formatted screen
A window on a host such as an AS/400 in which input is restricted to specific areas.

Film Master
A photographic film of a specific bar code or optical character recognition (OCR) symbol that is used to produce a printing plate.

Firmware
Software routines stored in read only memory (ROM). Unlike random access memory (RAM), ROM stays intact even without electrical power. See also software.

First Read Rate (FRR)
The ratio of the number of successful reads on the first scanning attempt to the number of attempts. Commonly expressed as a percentage representing the number of successful reads per 100 attempts for a particular symbol; used as an approximation of "human friendliness" of the bar code reader and symbol to the operational environment.

Fixed Data Field
Bar code and text fields that never vary from one label to the next; the data in a fixed field is a permanent part of the format.

Fixed Format
A format in which the data never varies from one label to the next, such as with a return address label. A fixed format needs no additional data to print a label.

Fixed Length
Characteristic of a bar code symbology in which the number of characters per symbol is predetermined. Opposite of variable length.

Fixed Ratio
The ratio between the width of the bars in the code is a fixed standard and cannot be changed.

Flag Character
A character with a data format of fixed position, with contents that vary over a specified range of values; each value representing significant information that is presented to a data processing system.

Flash Memory
A type of nonvolatile memory. Flash memory must be erased in blocks and is commonly used as a supplement to or replacement for hard disks in portable computers and data collection devices.

Flow Control
A method for controlling the flow of data between the reader and the serial port. It stops the transmitting device from sending data when the receiving device buffer fills up and starts it again when the buffer empties. This can be done through software (XON/XOFF) or hardware (CTS/RTS).

Flash Memory
Read/Writeable RAM (a.k.a. Non-Volatile RAM)
This is a type of Random Access Memory chip that does not lose its contents when its power is turned off; however, it can be intentionally written to, read from, and intentionally erased. It is a type of RAM and, hence, interacts with the computer or processor as described under “RAM” except that it does not lose its contents when power is removed. .

Flexographic Printing
The process whereby a pre-printed label, tag or ticket is printed by using a raised image plate surface to transfer wet ink to a printing substrate.

Flood Coat
A thin coating of ink applied to the top of printing screen by the flood bard or, in manual operations, by the squeegee prior to printing the stroke.

Foil
A cloth or plastic tape coated with several layers of material, one of which is inklike, that produces the visible marks on a substrate. Used on formed font impact, dot matrix, thermal transfer, and hot stamp printers. Also called a ribbon.

Font
A character set of a given type size and style.

Foreground
Programs running in the foreground can be directly controlled (with the keyboard) by the operator. Several background programs may be running simultaneously, but only one foreground program can run at a time.

Form Feed
A printer control panel button that advances the media.

Format
The geometric construction rules that define a particular bar code or symbol.

FRR
See First read rate.

Full ASCII
An operating mode that sets the reader to properly decode Code 39 or Code 93 labels containing data that may include any of the 128 ASCII characters.

Full Duplex
A data communication term pertaining to a simultaneous two-way independent transmission. See also half duplex.

Function Library
A collection of ready-made code that can be used for specific programming tasks. The code can be implemented in an ERP program or called by external applications.

Gloss
Characteristic of the surface which causes it to reflect light at a given angle.

Group Address
A type of address that is used by the host to locate two or more devices.

Guard Bars
Bars that are at both ends and center of a UPC and EAN symbol, that provide reference points for scanning. Guard bars are similar in function to start and stop characters.

GS1
GS1 is an international not-for-profit association dedicated to the development and implementation of global standards and solutions to improve the efficiency and visibility of supply and demand chains globally and across multiple sectors.

GUI
Graphical user interface.

Half Duplex
A data communication term pertaining to an alternate, one direction at a time, transmission. See also full duplex.

Hand-Held Scanner
A scanner held and operated by a human. The scanner is moved to the object to be scanned, instead of moving the object close to the scanner.

Handshake Event
A communication event that signifies the completion of a data block transmission. The exchange signifies either an affirmative acknowledge (AFF) or a negative acknowledge (NEG). The handshake event is enabled by defining the AFF character to be other than NULL. Some computers use the characters XON and XOFF as handshaking characters.

Hardware
Physical equipment, such as mechanical, magnetic, electrical, or electronic devices. Contrast with software or method of use.

Heat Resistance
The property of a material which inhibits the occurrence of physical or chemical changes caused by exposure to high temperatures.

HIBCC
Health Industry Business Communications Council – a trade association responsible for the symbology and label format used by the healthcare industry.
HIBC Health industry bar code standard. A modified version of Code 39 that has 43 characters, utilizes the Modulus 43 check character, and reserves some character combinations for special usage. high memory area (HMA) HMA is a 64K block of memory, starting 16 bytes below the 1024K mark, and is the first 64K of extended memory. Since HMA can only hold one item, the first program that requests HMA uses it, regardless of the size of the program. home

High Density
This bar code type has narrow spaces and bars with an “X” dimension that is less than 7.5 mils.

Horizontal Bar Code
A bar code or symbol presented in such a manner that its overall length dimension is parallel to the horizon. The bars are presented in an array that looks like a picket fence.

Host Application
An application running remotely on a host.

Host
1. A PC or other computer connected to device.
2. If several computers are connected together on a network, the controlling computer is the host. A host can be a desktop, laptop, or notebook PC.

Holding Power
The ability to withstand stress, as in holding rigid label materials on smaller diameter cylindrical objects or in holding weight.

Horizontal Bar Code

Human-Readable
The interpretation of bar code data, often printed immediately below the bar code in a readable format to humans.

IAN
International article numbering. Same as UPC. See EAN.

IEEE 802.11 standard
IEEE 802.11 is a set of standards carrying out wireless local area network (WLAN) computer communication in the 2.4, 3.6 and 5 GHz frequency bands. They are created and maintained by the IEEE LAN/MAN Standards Committee (IEEE 802).

IEEE
Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers – a trade association.

Image File
An image file contains all the files you want to load onto the reader's drive C. Because drive C is a ROM drive that is implemented in flash memory, you can use DOS commands to read from drive C, but you must use special utilities to write to drive C.

Impact Printing
Impact Printing, or dot matrix, is any printing system where a micro-processor-controlled hammer impacts against a ribbon and a substrate (label media).

Increment/Decrement Field
Bar code or text fields the printer automatically changes from one label to the next. For example, a batch of labels with serial number text or bar code fields that change from 001, to 002, to 003, and so on. Also called serialization field.

Index
To move from the start of the label to the start of print. With continuous media, to advance the media over the label gap to the edge of the next label.

Industry Standards
Created to encourage consistency across specific industries. Some of the more common standards are from the Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), Electronic Industry Association (EIA), the Health Care Industry Bar Code (HCIB), and the GS1.

Ink Jet Printing
Common direct marking process and a favorite on high speed production lines. Ink droplets are selectively deflected between a moving product and an ink return channel. Ink jet printing is frequently used for coding products and cartons with human readable data and lot codes at very high speed and for case coding of cartons with bar codes. Bar codes on corrugated boxes are intentionally made large so that dot placement accuracy becomes less critical, thus using more ink and creating questionable print quality and usefulness for bar coding.

Ink Layer
The bottom layer of a thermal ribbon which is composed of waxes, resins, or a combination of both.

Input Device
A wand, laser, linear, or area imager scanner or other device that scans bar code information into the mobile terminal or reader.

Input/Output (I/O) PC card
A type of PC card, such as a modem card, that can be used to connect the reader to another device for communications. I/O cards comply with PCMCIA Standard 2.1.

Interactive
A computer session that provides immediate feedback to input. Two-way communications between two devices.

Intercharacter Delay
Amount of time between transmitting successive characters.

Intercharacter Gap
The space between the last element of one character and the first element of the adjacent character of a discrete bar code symbol.

Interference
A situation that occurs when an unwanted RF signal occupies the same frequency band as a desired signal.

Interlabel Gap
The space, notch, or hole between labels used by the media sensor on the printer to determine the label length and top of form.

Interleaved 2-of-5
Interleaved 2-of-5 is a linear symbology that encodes the ten digits 0 through 9 that is most often used for encoding large amounts of information in a small area. Characters are paired together using bars to represent the first character and spaces to represent the second. Interleaved 2-of-5 bar code applications are prevalent in the electronics and manufacturing areas.

Inventory Control
Applications where bar coding and other forms of AIDC are used to add or delete items from inventory with 100% accuracy.

IPS
Inches per second. A measurement of print speed that measures the number of inches of media that is printed each second. (See Print Speed).

IP
Internet protocol. This protocol provides a method for transmitting blocks of data (IP datagrams) between hosts.

IP Address
An internal TCP/IP protocol stack variable. This address is a network level address assigned to each device in a TCP/IP network.

IPX
1. Internet packet exchange protocol. This protocol provides a means for message packets to be exchanged on an internetwork.

IRQ
Interrupt request. Hardware lines over which devices such as the reader's input/output ports, the keypad, and disk drivers can send request-attention signals (commonly called "interrupts"). IRQs suspend current operations, save current work, and transfer control to a routine called an interrupt handler, which causes a specific set of instructions to be carried out by the computer's microprocessor.

IrDa
Infrared Data Association
(1) A trade association.
(2) A scanning technology that utilizes electromagnetic radiation wavelengths longer than those of visible light and shorter than those of microwaves.

ISA
Industry standard architecture. Computer circuit board design that allows various adapters to be added to the system by means of inserting plug-in cards into expansion slots.

ISO
International Organization for Standardization. An internationally accepted 7-bit character code. (The U.S. version is ASCII.)

JP
Jumper pin. A prong used as a jumper contact to PCBs or cards. See also jumper.

jumper
A short length of conductor used to make a connection between two points or terminals in a circuit or to provide a path around a break in a circuit.

junction box
A box used for connecting height sensor cables to the imaging processor.

key mark/trigger A code bit that tells the scanner when the code is in position to be read.

keyboard equivalent
The keycode representing the key pressed that is sent by the keyboard to the workstation. The reader has a table of ASCII characters that correspond to the keys on the keyboard. When an ASCII character is scanned, the reader transmits the keycode to the workstation.

keyed connection
A detachable connection that is restricted in how it is positioned on a pin.

keypad buffer
An area of memory that saves a limited number of operator keystrokes.

keypad clicker
A feature that makes the terminal or reader produce an audible click every time you press a key. This feature can be enabled or disabled with the Keypad Clicker configuration command.

label
The part of the media on which data is printed.

label format
The design of a bar code label; the arrangement of the text, lines and bar codes on a label.

label gap
The space between labels on die-cut label stock.

ladder
A method of bar code printing in which the bars in the bar code are printed one at a time, in a series. The bar code appears along the length of the label. Used to be referred to as "picket."

LAN
Local area network. A network that is within a small radius, such as an office building. Compare to WAN. See also Ethernet, peer-to-peer network, and Token Ring.

laser
Light amplification by the stimulated emission of radiation. A laser is a coherent, monochromatic light source produced by directing a light beam repeatedly through an active material so that it becomes amplified, and then directing the beam into a narrow cone of divergence. The active material converts energy into laser light, a pumping source provides power or energy, and separate optics direct the beam through the active material and then into a narrow cone of divergence.

laser diode
A semiconductor laser commonly used in bar code scanners.

laser scanner
An optical bar code reading device that uses a low energy laser light beam to examine a spatial pattern, one part after another. It then generates analog or digital signals corresponding to the pattern. Laser scanners are often used in mark sensing, pattern recognition, character recognition, and bar code recognition. The laser scanner converts bar code symbols to electrical signals for input to a bar code reader decoder for processing and subsequent output through a data communications interface.

>Label Thickness
Denotes the ideal range of media/substrate thickness designed to promote optimum print quality and printer performance.

Label, Pressure Sensitive
A pressure-sensitive label product is a die-cut part that has been converted through the production equipment using the type of pressure-sensitive material that has a protective backing. The end product is produced in the form of rolls, sheets, fanfold, or by other techniques that produce like products which have been slit or cut from the converted roll.

Label, Transparent
A pressure-sensitive label whose face material, adhesive, and protective coatings transmit light so that objects can be seen through it.

Ladder Orientation
A bar code symbol positioned vertically with horizontal bars and spaces.

Laminate
To apply one layer of material over another.

Laser Printing
The laser printer works much like a photocopier, projecting controlled streams of ions onto the surface of a print drum resulting in a charged image. The charged image then selectively attracts toner particles, transferring the image onto the paper substrate (media) by means of pressure. The pressure from the printhead and drum then fuse the image to the paper, creating the image.thermal transfer!

Laser Scanner
An optical bar code reading device using a low-energy laser light beam as its source of illumination.

LED
Light emitting diode. A semiconductor that produces light at a wavelength determined by its chemical composition. This light source is often used in light pens.

legacy system
Existing systems and technology that an organization has a considerable investment in and that might be entrenched in the organization. Some legacy systems have been in place for many years; some are considered old or inadequate technology; many are host-based with terminal emulation. Customers might try to replace or update legacy systems.

legal length
A parameter in the configuration that determines which lengths of a specified symbology can be scanned and decoded.

Level Trigger mode
The laser turns on when you pull the trigger and stays on until you release the trigger. See also Edge Trigger mode.

level triggering
A scanner trigger configuration that makes the laser turn on after you activate the scanner and stay on until you release the Scan button or the trigger on a cabled scanner. Contrast with edge triggering.

libraries
A collection of programs and packages that are made available for common use within some environment; individual items need not be related. A typical library might contain compilers, utility programs, packages for mathematical operations, etc. Usually it is only necessary to reference the library program to cause it to be automatically incorporated in a user's program. (Dictionary of Computing)

light pen
In a bar code system, a handheld scanning wand that is used as a contact bar code reader. See wand scanner.

link station
A link station exists at the end point of a logical connection. It can send to and receive data from other link stations.

list box
A drop-down list of all the existing values for a field. A list box is usually attached to an input field in a dialog box so the application user can enter a value by selecting from a list.

lithium backup battery
The reader contains a lithium backup battery that is designed to back up the RAM and clock while you remove a discharged NiCad battery pack and insert a charged battery pack. The lithium battery will provide backup battery power for 3 to 4 years if you correctly manage power on the reader.

lithium-ion battery pack
Provides the main power source to operate the terminal. The lithium-ion battery pack is rechargeable and charges the backup battery when required.
Light Pen
A hand-held pen-like contact reader which the user must sweep across the bar code symbol in order to read the code. Also referred to as a wand.

Linear Bar Code / Symbology
A complete bar code message is expressed in a single line of bars—also commonly referred to as a 1-Dimensional bar code.

Liner
The component of a label used to protect the adhesive and to keep it from sticking to objects before the label is used. It readily separates from the label immediately before the label is applied to the substrate. Also referred to as release liner, backing paper, or release paper.

local
Indicates the same computer as the reference point.

local address
See device address.

local application
If DCM and the application program software are installed on the same computer, the computer is called a local computer or host (also server host).

local editing error
An error that occurs when a user performs an operation in a field that is not supported by the field's properties or definition. No data is sent when a local editing error occurs. For example, a local editing error occurs when a user enters characters in a numeric-only field. 4

logical partition
A logically distinct portion of memory or a storage device that functions as though it were a physically separate unit.

logistics
The tracking and movement of raw materials to finished products and consumption throughout the supply chain.

LOGMARS
A Department of Defense (DoD) project on LOGistics applications of Marking and Reading Symbols resulted in the production of a new standard (MIL-STD-1189A) that led to the development of Code 39 as the established bar code symbology to be used by all DoD vendors.

Low Density
This bar code type has bars and spaces that are wide and far apart with an “X” dimension greater than 20 mils. This type of bar code is used for scanning bar codes from further distances.

main menu
The menu from which all commands are available.

manufacturer's identification number
In the UPC systems, the four- or five-digit number assigned to a manufacturer by by the GS1 Council, Inc. This number appears as the left half of the UPC number.

margin
The distance between the edge of a label and where the printing starts on that label. The margin is also called the quiet zone. See also top-of-form.

Machine-Readable
A general term used for printed material that can be directly transferred to a data processing system.

Manufacturer’s ID
In the UPC code, the 6-digit number applied by the UCC to uniquely identify a manufacturer or company selling products under its own name. Also, the first 6 digits of the 12-digit UPC.

Matrix Symbols
Appear as a checker board. They are most likely square in shape, and contain some form of “finder pattern” which distinguishes them from other symbols. The finder pattern provides a decoding reference for scanners.

Maxicode
An example of a company which uses the Maxicode bar code is United Parcel Service (UPS). The next time you receive a package from UPS, look for a very small square with a pattern of dots and a small bulls eye in the center. UPS uses these bar codes as a way to sort their packages for a specific destination.

media
The label stock on which the printer prints labels. Media can be made of plain paper, polyester, thermally reactive paper, or other materials with adhesive backing.

memory cards
See PC card.

menu
A list of commands accessible through the control panel on the printer. Menus contain submenus and selections of printer features.

MES
Manufacturing execution systems. Systems that use network computing to automate production control and process. By downloading "recipes" and work schedules and uploading production results, MESs bridge the gap between business and plant-floor or process-control systems.

message
1. A unit of information that may be composed of one or more data fields.
2. The data portion of a transaction.

message type
A string of characters followed by a delimiter that identifies a transaction as being of a specified type. It could also be referred to as a transaction identifier.

Media
(1) The term which refers to the label, tag, and/or ticket and its respective ribbon combination.
(2) The surface on which a bar code symbol is printed. Also, interchangeably, referred to as substrate.

Media Roll Capacity
Refers to the maximum/minimum media roll diameter that a thermal printer can accommodate, for example 5.0” O.D. (Outer Diameter) and 1.0” I.D. (Inner Diameter).

middleware
The software interface or link that enables data to pass from the source to a client. For example, middleware enables Intermec terminals to interface with ERP applications.

misread/bad read
A condition that occurs when the data output of a reader does not agree with the encoded data presented.

Mil
The narrowest nominal width unit of measure in a bar code.

modem
Short for modulator/demodulator. A communications device that converts one form of a signal to another that is suitable for transmission over communication circuits, typically from digital to analog and then from analog to digital.

modular connector
A cable device connector similar to a telephone jack connector.

module
The narrowest nominal bar or space in a bar code. Wider bars and spaces are often specified as multiples of one module.

Modulus 43 check character
Check character derivation method for Code 39.

Module
The narrowest nominal width unit of measure in a bar code symbol.

Moving Beam Bar Code Reader
A scanning device where scanning motion is achieved by mechanically or electronically moving the optical geometry.

MRP
Materials requirements planning. MRP and MRP II are phases in developing computerized methods to plan the use of company resources, such as raw materials, vendors, production equipment, and processes.

multitasking
The process of switching from one operation to another quickly. This results in the appearance that several programs are running at the same time.

n
The ratio between the widths of wide elements and narrow elements in a two-width symbology.

nanometer
A unit of measure used to define the wavelength of light. Equal to 10-9 meters.

NAU
Network addressable unit. A network address that allows a device to communicate with IBM hosts in a 3270 network.

NEG
Negative acknowledgment character. Indicates a negative acknowledgment to a solicitation event or a data transmission event.

net data density
In a linear bar code symbol, the number of characters in the symbol divided by the overall symbol length, measured from the leading edge of the start code to the trailing edge of the stop code.

NetComm
1. Network communications process.

network
A collection of devices that can store and manipulate electronic data, interconnected in such a way that their users can store, retrieve, and share information with each other.

network administrator
The person who is responsible for the installation, management, and control of a network.

network ID
A number used by a device during channel search to locate the controller's RFNC address.

network interface card
NIC. An adapter card that is installed in the controller that allows it to connect to a network (for example, Ethernet, Token Ring, Twinaxial). The card contains both the hardware to accommodate the cables and the software to use the network's protocols. The NIC is also called a network adapter card.

network node
An end point in a network to which or from which data can be routed. Usually this is a workstation or host.

NiCad backup battery
The terminal contains a rechargeable NiCad backup battery that is designed to back up all memory and the real-time clock while you change the lithium-ion main battery pack. The NiCad battery will provide backup battery power for a maximum of 1 month if a fully-charged main battery pack is installed, or for a maximum of 3 days if a main battery pack is not installed.

NiCad battery pack
Provides the main power source to operate the reader. The battery pack contains rechargeable nickel-cadmium (NiCad) battery cells.

nominal
The exact (or ideal) intended value for a specified parameter. Tolerances are specified as positive and negative deviations from this value.

non-read
In a bar code system, the absence of data output after an attempted scan due to no code, defective code, scanner failure, or operator error.

nonvolatile
Refers to memory that is saved when power is lost or turned off. See also volatile.

Novell user name
Parameter that identifies the user to the Novell software running on a remote host.

NIST
The National Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers – a trade association.

Nominal
The exact or ideal intended value for a specified parameter. Tolerances are specified as positive or negative values from this specified value.

Non-Contact Reader
Bar code readers which do not require physical contact with the printed symbol.

Non-Continuous Media
Label, tag, or ticket which contains either a gap, notch, or hole between each label.

Non-Read
The absence of data at the scanner output after an attempted scan due to no code, defective code, scanner failure, or operator error.

Null Modem Connector
A device which connects to the serial output of a print cable and switches pins 2 and 3, transmitted data signal, and received data signal.

null modem cable
A cable that connects two computers and allows transmission of data between them without requiring a modem.

numeric
A character set that includes only numbers.

number pad
A set of keys on the reader that allows you to move the cursor around the screen and to type numbers and mathematical symbols. The reader's number pad is designed to work like the number pad on a regular PC keyboard.
Numeric
A character set that includes only numbers

OAG
Open Applications Group. A non-profit, vendor-focused consortium formed by leading enterprise software vendors. Their purpose is to create more open application inte re that automates the direct business functions occurring in an enterprise.

OAI
Open applications integration. An OAG term for the process of integrating the software.

OCR
Optical character recognition. The machine identification of printed characters through use of light-sensitive devices.

OCR-A
An abbreviation commonly applied to the character set contained in ANSI Standard X3.17-1981. A stylized font choice used for traditional OCR printing.

OCR-A
The character set contained in ANSI Standard X3.17-1981. A stylized font for traditional OCR printing.

OCR-B
The character set contained in ANSI Standard X3.49-1975. A stylized font for traditional OCR printing.

OCR font
A font that is recognized by optical character recognition.

ODBC
Open database connectivity. Microsoft's strategy for open database interface. Part of the Windows Open Services Architecture (WOSA), ODBC makes it possible to access both relational and non-relational database management systems (DBMS) in a heterogeneous PC environment with minicomputers linked to a mainframe. Defined by the SQL Group, a standards group made up of database vendors.

ODETTE
The European equivalent of AIAG. See AIAG for further details.

offline
The state in which the printer is not able to carry out two-way communication with the host.

OLE
Object linking and embedding. A technology that allows object-based components to be transferred between various machines and applications.

One-Shot mode
A scanner mode that requires you to activate the scanner each time you want to scan a bar code. Once you scan a bar code, the scanner turns off.

online
1. The state in which the printer is able to carry out two-way communication with the host.
2. An operation in which peripheral devices are connected directly to the processing unit.

Omnidirectional
Bar codes which can be read in any orientation in relation to the scanner.

On-Demand
A term used to describe when labels are printed immediately when the customer needs them and are ready for use, versus being sent off-site for printing.

One-Dimensional Bar Code
A complete bar code message is expressed in a single line of bars. Also commonly referred to as a linear barcode.

Operating Temperature opacity The optical property of a substrate material that quantifies the show-through from the back side or the next sheet. The ratio of the reflectance with a black backing to the reflectance with a white backing. Ink opacity is the property of an ink that prevents the substrate from showing through.

open circuit
To keep two or more parts electrically separate or disconnected. See also short circuit.

operating environment
Generally connotes hardware and software combined; differs from an operating system, which refers to software only.

operating system
Refers to the code that operates a computer by managing its file systems, handling user input and output, and running programs. DOS, Windows, and UNIX are all operating systems.

operator information area
OIA. A line on a 3270 or 5250 emulator screen that contains status information (for example, input inhibited, keylock, system available) for a terminal session.

optical serial port
The reader's COM1 is an optical serial port. You can communicate through COM1 using a communications dock, optical link adapter, or another reader if you align the two readers' receive and transmit signals on their optical serial ports.

Orientation
The alignment of a bar code symbol with respect to horizontal. Two possible orientations are horizontal and vertical bars and spaces (picket fence formation), and vertical with horizontal bars and stripes (ladder formation).

Overhead
The fixed number of characters required for start, stop, and checking in a given bar code symbol—a symbol requiring a start and stop character and two check characters contains four characters of overhead. To encode three characters with the overhead listed, seven characters are required to print.

packet The unit of information by which the network communicates. A single network message with its associated header, addressing information, data, and optional trailer. A packet can also be called a frame or datagram.

parallel
A communication scheme in which the bits of a byte are transferred simultaneously over a multistrand cable.

parameters
1. The operating limits of a device, such as a printer. Also, the variable information sent with a command.
2. In programming, a value assigned to a variable either at the beginning of an operation or before an expression is evaluated by a program.

parity
A system for encoding characters with odd or even bar code patterns. Parity provides a self-checking feature in bar codes and other data transmission techniques. Even parity characters have an odd number of binary ones in their structure. For the purposes of data processing and data communications, parity does not relate to whether the original character is odd or even, but how an individual character is made odd or even with the addition of one more bit (1-0).

parity bit
A parity bit is added to the binary array to make the sum of all of the bits always odd or always even for a fundamental check.

parity bit/bar/module
A parity bit is added to a binary array to make the sum of all of the bits always odd or always even for a fundamental check.

Parallel Interface

A link between data processing devices on which the data moves over multiple wires and more quickly than serial interface. Imagine transmitting all 8 letters in a word at the same time over each wire. In parallel interface, the 8 bits (a byte) are received and then processed simultaneously. A common parallel interface option is Centronics® (36 pin) parallel.

Parity Character
An optional character which may be included in the bar code message to minimize the misreading of the message.

PCB
Printed circuit board. A flat board whose front contains slots for integrated circuit chips and connections for a variety of electronic components, and whose back is printed with electrically conductive pathways between the components.

PC card
A PC card is similar to a floppy disk. You can use Type I or II memory PC cards and Type II expansion PC cards. Memory cards provide additional disk storage space, not more executable conventional memory. Expansion cards (also called I/O cards) allow you to connect the reader to I/O devices. PC cards were previously called PCMCIA cards.

PCMCIA
Personal Computer Memory Card International Association. This group of manufacturers has defined a set of hardware and software standards for memory and expansion PC cards that are available for personal computers.

PCS
Print contrast signal. A measurement of the ratio of the reflectivities between the bars and spaces of a symbol, commonly expressed in percent. PCS is calculated as: RL : RD x 100 percent where RL = reflectivity of the light elements and RD = reflectivity of the dark elements

PDF 417
A two-dimensional stacked symbology. Each row in the symbol includes start/stop characters, row identifiers, and symbol characters, which consist of four bars and four spaces each and contain the actual data. PDF 417 provides an extensive error detection and correction option that can recover up to 510 characters lost due to a damaged label or to an error in scanning.

peer-to-peer network
A type of LAN whose workstations are capable of being both clients and servers.

peripheral
A peripheral is a device connected to a computer; for example, a terminal or printer.

Permanency
A measure of an adhesive’s ultimate holding power or bond strength. A permanent adhesive will develop a bond that makes label removal difficult or impossible without distorting the facestock.

Permanent Adhesive
An adhesive characterized by relatively high ultimate adhesion, but which can be removed. The degree of force used overcomes its bonding ability.

physical RAM drive
See RAM drive.

picket
A method of bar code printing in which all the bars are printed at once, in parallel. The bar code appears across the width of the label. Used to be referred to as "drag."

pitch
1. The number of characters printed in one horizontal inch determined by the increment by which the printer platen moves.
2. Rotation of a bar code symbol about an axis parallel to the direction of the bars. pixel One spot in a rectilinear grid of thousands of such spots that are individually "painted" to form an image produced on the screen by a computer or on paper by a printer. A pixel is the smallest element that display software can manipulate in creating letters, numbers, or graphics.

Picket Fence Orientation
A bar code symbol positioned horizontally with vertical bars and spaces.

Piggyback Label
A pressure-sensitive label which allows for dual usage. The construction consists of facestock, adhesive, and liner.

Pitch
Refers to the rotation of a bar code symbol about an axis parallel to the direction of the bars.

Plessey Code
A bar code symbology that is fixed length, continuous, and not self-checking. It is used extensively in libraries. The character set is 0 - 9 plus six additional symbols. This symbology includes a start character, data characters, an eight-bit cyclic check digit, a termination bar, and usually a reverse start character. Similar to MSI code.

point size
A unit of measurement for font height; 72 points equals 1 inch as measured from slightly above the top of the uppercase letters to slightly below the bottom of the lowercase descenders.

Point-to-Point Protocol
Communications protocol typically used to connect the reader directly to a computer or terminal. Data sent by the reader is followed by a carriage return and line feed (CR LF). XON/XOFF is supported. Point-to-Point protocol characters cannot be modified; however, the transmission parameters, such as parity and data bits, can be modified.

POS
Point of sale.

POST
Power-on self test. This test runs when you boot the terminal. The test ensures that the terminal's hardware and peripherals are operational.

postamble
A field of data that is sent after the data in a message. It is typically used to tag transactions from the bar code reader for rapid processing by the host, and it expands the data field (record) length. See also preamble.

power management
Software and procedures that extend the life of a terminal or reader's main battery pack and backup battery.

Point of Sale (POS)
Refers to bar code related retail applications occurring at the point of sale.

Polyester
A strong film having good resistance to moisture, solvents, oils, and many other chemicals. Usually transparent, although available with metalized finish. Often used in the creation of Zebra media.

Polyethylene
A tough, sturdy plastic film having very good, low temperature characteristics. Often used in the creation of Zebra media.

Polypropylene
Similar to polyethylene but stronger, with a higher temperature resistance. Often used in the creation of Zebra media.

Postnet Code
A height modulated, numeric symbology developed by the U.S. Postal Service. This linear symbology that uses 5 bars and 4 spaces to encode each digit is unique in that the bars are of different heights to accommodate the fast printing process required by the post office as well as its resistance to smearing.

Pre-Printed Symbol
A symbol that is printed in advance of application either on a label or on the article to be identified.

Pressure Sensitive Label
A pressure sensitive label product is a die-cut part that has been converted through the production equipment using the type of pressure sensitive material that has a protective backing. The end product is produced in the form of rolls, sheets, fanfold, or by other techniques that produce like products which have been slit or cut from the converted roll.

Print Length
Refers to the minimum and maximum label length a printer can print with standard or added memory capacity.

Print Method
Denotes the print technology used to print a label – commonly direct thermal or thermal transfer variety.

Print Quality
The measure of compliance of a bar code symbol to the requirements of dimensional tolerance, edge roughness, spots, voids, reflectance, PCS, quiet zone, and encodation.

Print Speed
The speed at which the label moves through the printhead, measured in inches per second (ips).

preamble
Predefined data that is automatically appended to the beginning of transmitted data. When preamble is enabled, you must enter a valid Preamble A or B before the reader will send data to the computer. See also postamble.

pre-printed symbol
A symbol that is printed before use, either on a label or on the article to be identified.

presentation space
The physical space being displayed by the terminal emulator session.

print quality
The measure of how a bar code symbol adheres to the requirements of dimensional tolerance, edge roughness, spots, voids, reflectance, PCS, quiet zone, and encoding.

print speed
Measured in inches per second (IPS), the rate at which media travels past the printhead.

printer
A device controlled by a computer that makes images appear on media. The images can be formed by heat transfer (thermal) or by striking an image on a wheel (impact.)

printhead
The mechanism inside the printer that prints.

printhead elements
The parts of the printhead that print by placing a mark on the label when heated. It is switchen on and off separately in order to react with the media or thermal transfer ribbon to create a mark on the label.

printhead range
The range over which the resistance of the wires that carry energy to the printhead elements can vary before sending a warning. The wires are tested with each printhead test.

printhead test
A test that takes place each time the printer is turned on, or receives a specific command from the host. This test makes sure the resistance of the wires that carry energy to the printhead elements are within the acceptable range, which ensures the temperature of the elements is within the acceptable temperature range.

program (n.)
See application.

PROM
Programmable read only memory. A memory chip that can be programmed once, but cannot be reprogrammed.

protected field
On a display device, a display field in which a user cannot enter, modify, or erase data. See also unprotected field.

Print Width
Denotes the printhead width and the corresponding maximum label width on which a thermal printer can optimally print.

Product ID
In the UPC code, the 5-digit number assigned by a manufacturer to every consumer unit in its product catalog. The Product ID is different for every standard package (consumer unit) of the same product.

PutImage
One of two programs you can use to change the contents of drive C. PutImage places an image file created with MkImage on the reader. You can run PutImage only on the reader.gration by establishing and publishing standards, such as the business object document, for integration of business objects across an enterprise.

QR Code
A two-dimensional bar code developed for use in Japan that permits the encoding of binary, Kanji, JIS, and alphanumeric information.

Quality Control
Applications that use automatic identification to make sure the right material is in stock so it can be delivered for the right cost to the right user at the right time.

Quiet Zone
Bar code message overhead, which is an area to the left and to the right of the bar code symbol and is free of printing. This area provides the scanning device time to adjust to the measurements of each bar code in the message.

Radio Independent
A design that supports systems based on 400 MHz UHF< 900 MHz spread spectrum, 2.4 GHz OpenAir, IEEE 802.11 Frequency Hopping, IEEE 802.11 Direct Sequence, and future wireless radio technologies.

RAM
Random access memory. Memory that can be written into, or read, by locating any data address.

RAM drive
A disk drive that exists only in extended memory in your terminal or reader. You create, read, write, and delete files on a RAM drive the same way you can on a hard disk drive. RAM drives are faster than hard disk drives because the contents of a RAM drive are, by definition, always resident in RAM. The contents are destroyed when you cold boot the device.

raw
An output mode that is selected for RS-232 and RS-422 interfaces. This mode does not use any flow control during communication.

RAM
Random Access Memory - A machine's main working memory. Program instructions and data are stored here. Each location in memory has a unique address, so the computer can access the information in any location at any time it's required (i.e. “randomly”). RAM can be erased, written to, read from, and rewritten. It is erased when a computing device is turned off.

read rate
Ratio of the number of successful reads on the first attempt to the number of attempts.

reader
An input device that reads bar codes, converting the input data to electronic data. Typically consists of a scanner, a decoder, and a data communications interface.

ready The state in which the printer is able to print; the normal operating state of the printer.

Ready/Busy Line
Pin 11 of the rear panel connector. Indicates the printer is ready or not ready.

real-time
The immediate availability of data to an information system as a transaction or event occurs.

reflectance
The ratio of the amount of light of a specified wavelength or series of wavelengths reflected from a test surface to the amount of light reflected from a barium oxide or magnesium oxide standard under similar illumination conditions.

region
In screen mapping, a particular area on a screen that can be used to display messages and error conditions. Also referred to as the significant region.

remote
When DCM and application programs are installed on physically different computers, one is remote to the other. It is usually the application program that is referred to as remote.

Registration
Variation from label to label, of the position of what is printed onto the label as measured from the edges of the label.

Release Liner (Backing)
The portion of the pressure sensitive label which supports and holds the facestock and adhesive until application to the intended surface is needed.

Removable Adhesive
An adhesive characterized by relatively high cohesion strength and low ultimate adhesion. It can be removed easily from most substrate surfaces. Some adhesive transfer could take place, depending on the affinity of the adhesive to the surface.

Residue
Adhesive left on a substrate when a decal is removed.

Resolution
The narrowest element dimension that can be distinguished by a particular reading device or printed with a particular device or method. Generally the higher the resolution the better the resultant print quality. Measured in dots per inch (dpi).

RF
Radio frequency. A frequency at which coherent electromagnetic radiation of energy is useful for communications purposes.

RF data collection system
Radio frequency data collection system in which the individual components communicate with each other by radio signals. Abbreviated as RFDC system.

ribbon save
An optional device for the printer that disengages the thermal transfer ribbon while labels are being fed forward, or any other time printing does not take place.

roaming
Movement of a wireless node between two microcells. Roaming usually occurs in infrastructure networks built around multiple access points.

ROM
Read only memory. Usually a small memory that contains often-used instructions, such as microprograms or system software. ROM is programmed during memory fabrication and cannot be reprogrammed.

ROM drive
A read-only memory drive. Drives C and D are ROM drives implemented in flash memory on the reader.

router
A software and hardware connection between two or more networks that permits traffic to be routed from one network to another on the basis of the intended destinations of that traffic.

routing
Assigning a path for message or file delivery.

RS-232
Widely recognized protocol standard for serial binary data interchange. The standard covers the physical, electrical, and functional characteristics of the interface. RS-232 is the standard American format for serial data transmission by cable (that is, from a computer terminal to a modem). RS-232 transmission uses a distinctive 25-pin connector, although in most cases not all of the conductors are used. See serial.

RS-422
Standard for the voltage and impedance levels for serial data transmission on balanced lines. Similar to RS-232, but handles larger distances and faster communication.

RS-485
Standard for allowing multiple devices to share a common set of serial data communication lines. The signaling is very similar to RS-422. The maximum number of devices allowed is 32.

safe place
A location where the data will not be lost. Storing the message to disk is storing it in a safe place. Receiving confirmation from the application program that it has responsibility for the transaction is considered a safe place.

scan
1. To read a bar code with a device known as a scanner, which converts optical information into electrical signals.
2. The search for a symbol that is to be optically recognized. Movement of a light source over a bar code and recognition of the reflective qualities of the returned signal.

scan line
The location on the conveyor belt that is viewed by the camera. The scan line can be found by using the oscilloscope, which is provided in the software. The oscilloscope trace identifies anything that is in the scan line.

scannable
A symbol that can be successfully scanned and correctly decoded.

scanner
1. An electronic device that converts printed bar code into electrical signals.
2. A device that examines a spatial pattern, one part after another, and generates analog or digital signals corresponding to the pattern. Scanners are often used in mark sensing, pattern recognition, character recognition, and bar code recognition. The scanner converts bar code symbols to electrical signals for input to a bar code reader decoder for processing and subsequent output through a data communications interface.

Scanner mode
Defines how the scanner operates when the trigger is pulled. There are two types of modes: One-Shot mode and Automatic mode.

scanner timeout
Maximum time the laser is on. The laser will automatically turn off if timeout occurs before the trigger is released.

screen
Any graphical display of data. A screen can be a dialog box, list box, or window.

screen capture
A procedure used to create a bitmap of a display from the 7350 software.

screen mapping
An application that that allows you to map data fields from a smaller reader screen to larger host application screens. This image can be stored in the host, in the controller, or on the local device.

screen message
In screen mapping, a user-defined string that is sent to the source of the transaction after certain screen events.

Scaleable Fonts
Refers to the inherent character and font sets found within a thermal printer and their respective ability to be adjusted and “shrunk to fit”. Scaleable fonts are also commonly referred to as smooth fonts as their point sizes can be adjusted to any desired custom size evenly and proportionally, without the advent of visible rough edges.

Scan Spot
The size of the projection of light from a scanning device which “reads” the bar code message.

Scanner
A device used to read a bar code symbol. It optically converts optical information into electrical signals.

Self-Checking
A bar code is considered self-checking if a single printing defect will not cause a character to be transposed into another valid character in the same symbology.

SER
Substitution Error Rate, or the rate of occurrence of incorrect characters from an automatic identification system.

Serial Interface
A link between data processing devices on which all the data moves over one wire, one bit at a time. Think of it as transmitting words one letter at a time until a total of 8 letters or bytes (8 bits) are received. The byte is then processed, but in a slower fashion than parallel. Common serial interface communications are RS232 C, RS422, and RS485 (9 or 25 Pin).

Service Temperature
The temperature range that a pressure sensitive label will withstand after a 72-hour residence time on the substrate. The range is expressed in degrees Fahrenheit and/or degrees Celsius.

security identification
Defines the password for secured transmission and receipt of data between devices in the wireless network. To communicate, each access point and RF terminal must have matching security IDs.

SEL
Select character. Sent by the host to request if the reader can accept data. For User Defined Multi-Drop protocol, a unique character should be defined for each reader on a data line.

Select Sequence command
A controller command to request if a polled device can receive data.

self-checking
Characteristic of a bar code symbology that, without the use of a check digit, allows the bar code to be decoded without an error.

self-checking bar code
Self-checking bar code uses an algorithm that can be applied against each character so substitution errors can only occur if two or more independent printing defects appear within a single character.

self-strip
An optional device for the printer that presents each label after it is printed, with the backing removed so it may be applied immediately.

self-test
The search for malfunctions in the electrical or mechanical systems of a device by its own actions.

sensitivity
The responsiveness to heat of thermal media or thermal transfer ribbon. Sensitivity is determined by the time required for a unit measure of heat to affect the media or ribbon.

SER
Substitution error rate. The rate of occurrence of incorrect characters from an automatic identification system.

serial
A communication scheme in which the bits of a byte are transferred one at a time. Often serial transmission is used to link hosts to terminals and PCs to printers.

serial communications
With serial communications, data is transmitted one bit at a time over a single line from one computer to another. Often serial communications link hosts to terminals and PCs to printers.

serial communications parameters
Parameters that control serial communications from one device to another, such as baud rate and parity.

serial port
A link between a microcomputer and a peripheral device through which data is transmitted.

server
A computer that is configured to provide services to the network, such as files and programs. See also client.

SFM
Shop floor management. The part of the factory data environment that is responsible for the daily up-to-the-minute tracking of materials and labor. It manages and generates reports pertaining to scheduling and dispatch of materials, labor, and work order status.

Shelf Life
The period of time during which a product can be stored under specified conditions and still remain suitable for use.

Show-Through
The generally undesirable property of a substrate that permits underlying markings to be seen.

SIMM
Single inline memory module. A printed circuit board that holds several semiconductor memory chips and is used to add memory to the Access Point.

skew
Rotation of a bar code symbol about an axis parallel to the symbol's length.

skip
To move the paper to the next label in your printer.

Smudge Resistance
The resistance of a printed surface to smearing.

SNA
System network architecture. This is IBM's data communication architecture defining levels of protocols for communications between terminals and applications and between programs.

SNMP
Simple network management protocol. A protocol used to manage the network activity of different devices.

soft font
A file stored in the printer to provide the ability to print text using fonts that are not resident in the printer.

software
Coded instructions that direct the operation of a computer. A set of such instructions for accomplishing a particular task is referred to as a program. See also firmware.

Solvent
A dissolving, thinning, or reducing agent. Specifically, a solvent is a liquid that dissolves another substance.

Source Marking
The process of labeling an item with a bar code at the point of its initial production.

Space
The lighter element of a bar code usually formed by the background between the bars.

space width
The thickness of a space measured from the edge closest to the symbol start character to the trailing edge of the same space.

Space Width
The thickness of a space measured from the edge closest to the symbol’s start character to the trailing edge of the same space.

Spectral Response
The variation in sensitivity of a reading device to the light of different wavelengths.

Specular Reflection
The mirror-like reflection of light from a surface.

Speed/Throughput
Used interchangeably to refer to a rate of motion or printer performance calculated in ips or inches per second. The higher the ips, the greater the printer's performance rating.

Spot
The undesirable presence of ink or dirt in a space.

SRAM
Static Random Access Memory is a type of memory chip used in Random Access Memory that can take advantage of a particular method of working with certain main processors. In brief, a certain spot in RAM is first accessed. Then each address after that first address is accessed in order, up to a specific point. Because the computer doesn’t have to “figure out” each sequential address to access, a large block of memory can be accessed in less time than is required with DRAM. Again, you can’t just substitute SRAM chips for DRAM chips; a machine must have been designed to use SRAM. As it is a type of RAM, it will lose its information when the device into which it is installed is turned off.

Stacked Code Symbols
See Two-Dimensional Bar Code.

Standard protocol
A communications protocol capable of controlling communications between two devices connected by a single data communication line.

Start and Stop characters
A special bar code character that provides the scanner with start and stop reading instructions as well as a scanning direction indicator. The start character is normally at the left end of a horizontally oriented symbol (bar code label). The stop character is normally at the right end of a horizontally oriented symbol. For Code 39, the asterisk (*) character is used. Depending on the software they use, users may not have to enter the start and stop codes when they create their own bar code labels.

status
The state, condition, or current value of a device, program, or command.

stop bits
A bit that signals the end of a character. One of the serial communications parameters.

Standard
A set of rules, specifications, instructions, and directions on how to use a bar code or other automatic identification system to your advantage and profit. Usually issued by an organization, such as LOGMARS, HIBCC, UPC, etc.

Start Character
A unique character to the left of the bar code which allows for bidirectionality. In a vertical bar code, the start character is at the top.

Stop Character
A unique character to the right of the bar code which allows for bidirectionality. In a vertical bar code, the stop character is at the bottom.

Storage Temperature
Denotes the prescribed temperature range for the safe storage of a thermal printer.

Substitution Error
A misencodation, misread, or human key entry error where incorrect information is substituted for a character that was to be entered.

subnet mask
A mask that is used in the IP protocol to separate the subnet address from the local IP address. The IP protocol performs a bit-wise AND on the IP address and the subnet mask. Each address segment represents one byte, where 255 converts to FF hex. For example, if the IP address is 192.009.150.184 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, the subnet address is 192.009.150.

subnetwork
A section of a large network that functions as an independent network, but does not appear separate to remote networks.

substitution error
A erroe in encoding, reading, or key entry, causing incorrect information to be substituted for the character should have been entered. Example: correct information -- 1, 2, 3, 4; substitution -- 1, 2, 3, 5.

substrate
The surface on which a bar code symbol is printed.

supply-chain management
Using information technology to give automated intelligence to a network of vendors, suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and other trading partners. The goal is for each player in the supply chain to conduct business with the best and latest information from everyone else in the chain, balancing supply and demand. Effective management of the supply chain allows a company to move product from the point of origin to that of consumption in the least amount of time at the smallest cost.

Substrate
The surface on which a bar code symbol is printed. Also, interchangeably, referred to as media.

symbol
See bar code symbol.

symbol density
See bar code density.

symbol length
The distance between the outside edges of the quiet zones on the two ends of a bar code symbol.

symbology
A scheme for encoding data as bar code. Code 39, Interleaved 2 of 5, and Codabar are examples of different symbologies.

synchronous
A data communication scheme that transmits data in reference to a master clock signal. The clock can be a separate signal or can be part of the data.

syntax
The way in which commands or data are put together.

system administrator
The person responsible for installing, configuring, and maintaining the networks and computers in your company.

systems integrators
Companies that connect computers, instrumentation, and equipment to share data or applications with other components in the same or other functional areas. Systems integrators often provide consulting services and hardware sales as well.
Symbology
The language used in bar code technology (e.g. UPC, Code 39, etc).

Synthetic Substrate
Man-made materials which have been created for specific applications.

Tag Stock
Substrate which contains only the facestock and has a hole from which to be hung.

Tamperproof Label
A pressure-sensitive material that cannot be removed intact, thus making reuse of the label impossible.

TCP
Transmission control protocol. This protocol provides a method for creating a connection-oriented, reliable, error-free, full-duplex, byte-stream communication between two processes. See also IP.

TE Configuration Menu
A menu-driven application that lets you configure 3270, 5250, or VTXXX/ANSI terminal emulation parameters. You can access the TE Configuration Menu at any time during a terminal emulation session.

Telegram mode
An output mode that can communicate with Kosan Krisplant sorters.

Telnet
The TCP/IP remote terminal protocol for connection to a login server.

terminal emulation
TE. A device that is running terminal emulation looks like the terminal. For example, it uses no CPU, no RAM, and no hard disk. Two general classifications are devices running in Character mode and those running in Block mode. Character mode devices emulate VTXXX terminals where a character travels all the way from the host to a device and back. Block mode devices emulate 3270 or 5250 terminals where entire screens are sent to a device, the user fills in all the data fields on the device, and sends the entire screen back to the host.

text
Human-readable alphanumeric characters, as opposed to machine-readable bar codes.

Text mode
One of two display modes on the reader. By default, the reader uses Text mode and you can set the display size to 25 x 80, 16 x 20, 8 x 20, 16 x 10, and 8 x 10. If your application only recognizes DOS mode, you must use a display size of 25 x 80 or 25 x 40. The other display sizes are not DOS standard and are for use with custom applications. Text mode also supports two character attributes: blinking and reverse video. Contrast with graphics mode.

Telepen
A continuous bar code which encodes the full ASCII character set.

Thermal Transfer Printing
Thermal transfer printers use the same basic technology as direct thermal printers, but with the elimination of chemically-coated media in favor of a non-sensitized face stock and a special inked ribbon. A durable polyester ribbon film coated with a dry thermal transfer ink is placed between the thermal printhead and label. The thermal printhead is used to melt the ink onto the label surface, where it cools and anchors to the media surface. The polyester ribbon is then peeled away, leaving behind a stable, passive image. Consistent/sharp edge bar code print capability—with durable long-life and archival image stability. Clean, quiet, compact operation Batch or individual label print capability. Low cost/low maintenance compared to comparable technologies. Maximum readability and IR scannability. High contrast text, graphic, and bar code print capability. Durable for operation of joint office/industrial applications.

Throughput
Refers to the average length of label stock that a printer can process and print in a given amount of time. Throughput differs from print speed in that throughput includes the label transmission, formatting, and printing times. Due to these factors, a 12 ips machine may have lower throughput than a 10 ips printer.

Ticket
Substrate which contains only the facestock and contains no hole punches.

tilt
Rotation of a bar code symbol about an axis perpendicular to the substrate.

timeout
A defined time allowed for an event after which an alternative action is taken.

timeout delay

The time the reader waits between received characters before an I/O (input/output) error occurs.

Tilt
Rotation of a bar code symbol about an axis perpendicular to the substrate.

Token Ring
A type of LAN that transfers data at either 4 or 16 Mbits/s. It is a network transport technology in which a token is passed around a ring topology.

top of form
The point where printing can start on a label. Separated from the edge of the label by the margin.

Transparent Label
A pressure sensitive label whose face material, adhesive, and protective coatings transmit light so that objects can be seen through it.

transaction
1. Individual event (such as receipts, issues, and transfers) reported to the computer system. 2. A group of one or more message fields. 3. A transaction is made up of a header and a group of fields. For example, a work order transaction might have a transaction type and three fields consisting of a work order number, part number, and due date.

transaction manager
See reader.

Trigger mode
The conditions that turn the laser on and off. See also Edge Trigger mode and Level Trigger mode.

Two of Five Code
See 2 of 5 Code.

Two-Dimensional Bar Code
Two-Dimensional Bar Codes are special rectangular codes which ‘stack’ information in a manner allowing for more information storage in a smaller amount of space. These are also referred to as ‘Stacked’ Bar Codes or ‘Matrix’ Bar Codes. A standard bar code is limited to 20 to 25 characters.

UART
Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter. A device that performs asynchronous communication functions by converting parallel digital output from a DTE into serial bit transmission and vice versa.

UART buffer
Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter buffer. The UART buffer contains bytes of data being sent or received by the reader. The FIFO control register controls how the UART buffer operates.

UCC
Uniform Code Council - formerly the Uniform Product Code Council. The organization that administers the UPC and other retail standards.

unit
See module.

UNIX user name
Parameter that is a variable in the DOS environment. The UNIX user name identifies the user to the Novell software running on a remote host.

unprotected field
A displayed field in which a user can enter, modify, or delete data. See also protected field.
UPC Code
Universal Product Code is the standard bar code symbol for retail food packages in the United States. This code was modified and adapted by Europe for international identification of food packages in the form of EAN.

UPC-A
A UPC symbol that encodes a number system character, 10 digits of data and a check digit. A UPC symbol that encodes a number system character, 10 digits of data and a check digit.

UPC-E
A UPC symbol that encodes six digits of data in an arrangement that occupies less area than a UPC-A symbol. Also called a "zero-suppressed" symbol, because a 10-digit UPC-A code can be compressed to a six-digit UPC-E format by suppressing redundant zeros. A UPC symbol that encodes a number system character, 10 digits of data and a check digit.

utility
A program that provides general computing functions, such as file copying and program cross referencing. See also application.

validation
Comparing data with known information (patterns, ranges, check digits) to verify that the data is correct.

validation file
An ASCII file that has one entry per line. A validation file is used to ensure that the information entered in the input fields of a screen mapping screen are correct. The file is read sequentially and the last line in the ASCII file must be.

variable data field
Bar code and text fields that change from one label to the next.

variable length
A type of symbology in which the number of characters per symbol is not restricted. It is the opposite of fixed length.

variable length field
A data field or data element that may vary within a prescribed minimum and maximum.

Variable Length Code
A code whose number of encoded characters can be within a range, as opposed to a code with a fixed number of encoded characters.

Verifier
A device that makes measurements of the bars, spaces, quiet zones, and optical characteristics of a symbol to determine if the symbol meets the requirements of a specification or standard.

Version A
Standard 12-digit UPC symbol.

Version E
Special 6-digit shortened UPC code that requires less space and uses zero suppression.

vertical bar code
A code pattern oriented so that the axis of the symbol is perpendicular to the horizon.

Vertical Bar Code
A code pattern presented in such an orientation that the axis of the symbol from start to stop is perpendicular to the horizon. The individual bars are in an array that appears as rungs of a ladder.

VMU
Vehicle mount unit. A device that is designed to be mounted on a vehicle.

void
The absence of ink in a printed bar.

volatile
Refers to memory that is not saved when power is lost or turned off. See also nonvolatile.

Void
The undesirable absence of ink in a printed bar.

VT/ANSI terminal emulation
A straight-through terminal emulation that causes Intermec downline devices running terminal emulation to emulate a VT100, VT220, and VT320, or ANSI terminal.

Wand/Wand Scanner
A handheld scanning device used as a contact bar code or OCR reader.

WAN
Wide area network, which is distributed over a large area and involves routing nodes. Compare to LAN.

wand
See wand scanner.

warm boot
One of two ways to boot the reader; compare to cold boot. A warm boot performs the power-on self test (POST) to ensure that the hardware and peripherals are operational, runs CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT, and displays the DOS prompt. The contents of both conventional memory and the physical RAM drive (drive E) remain intact. You may warm boot the reader to execute startup files, such as AUTOEXEC.BAT, that have changed. You may also warm boot to start Interlnk.

wide to narrow ratio
The comparison of the widest bar in a bar code symbol to the narrowest bar. Expressed as a ratio such as 2:1 or 2.5:1.

wireless LAN
Wireless local area network. A flexible data communication system implemented as an extension to, or alternative for, a wired LAN within a building or campus. Using electromagnetic waves, a WLAN transmits and receives data through the air, minimizing the need for wired connections. A WLAN combines data connectivity with user mobility, which enables mobile LANs through simplified configuration.

WMS
Warehouse management systems. Software that integrates mechanical and human activities with an information system to effectively manage warehouse business processes and direct warehouse activities. These systems automate receiving, put away, picking, and shipping in warehouses and can prompt workers to do inventory cycle counts. Most support radio-frequency communications, allowing real-time data transfer between the system and warehouse personnel.

X Dimension
The “X”-dimension is the narrowest bar or space in the bar code. This bar or space is measured in millimeters (mil=1/1000 of an inch). The “X”-dimension defines the density of a linear symbology. Depending on what the “X”-dimension of a bar code is, the bar code will be called either high density or low density.

XON/XOFF
A type of software flow control for communication between digital devices. It stops the host from sending data when the device buffer fills up (XOFF) and starts it again when the buffer empties (XON).

Y
No terms beginning with this letter are listed in this glossary

ZPL/ZPL II
Zebra Programming Language is the universal language/code of all Zebra bar code printers. ZPL is an ASCII based format that enables label generation to occur by way of an instructional blueprint defining label length, field origin, field data, and other related information. ZPL enables labels with any combination of text, barcode, or graphics to be created.

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